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Playing with Multibase Maths Manipulatives To Learn Place Value

© Beverley Paine

When my children were younger and we used to enjoy playing 'school at home' I seemed forever hungry for teaching aids, preferably those manufactured for classroom use. Just owning these items made me feel validated as a homeschool educator of children! I mean, you can't play teacher without the right props, can you?

Having spent an awful lot of money on these wonderful props meant I needed to put time into actually using them... More often than not the instructions came separately, usually expensively. Naively, I thought I could do without these fancy books, and come up with interesting ways to use the materials without them. After all, some of the things I bought I'd used in school as a student myself. It couldn't be too hard, could it?

As a student I loved playing with the wooden coloured rods and unit and plain wooden multibase sets, with the tiny cubes, longs, flats and giant cubes, all smelly richly of fresh timber and feeling so nice in my small hands. I think the sensorial aspect of it all was the key - perhaps it was touching rather than reading and writing that entranced me - a delightful change from the daily embarrassment of mental maths or drudgery of filling page after page with times tables...

Without the pages of sums to work from, though, I found it difficult to integrate these same maths manipulatives into our homeschooling life. A friend introduced me to Montessori teaching method. This book filled the gap - replacing the book I hadn't thought to buy in the first place. I didn't use the methods prescribed there, but I did borrow the concept of the cards they used with their own multibase set. Over a number of hours I carefully cut out cards that fit nicely over each other - units, tens, hundreds and thousands, so that using overlays I could make up any number. I used a separate colour for each. Tens were blue, thousands red, and so on (actually these colours were taken from the Mortensen maths manipulative set, a more upbeat, expensive number teaching aid that goes much further than place value. Mortensen originated his ideas and manipulatives from his Montessori teaching experience).

Armed with my classroom set of M.A.B. blocks, fortified with my two Cuisenairre sets, and my homemade set of number cards, and pages of sums ready to be solved, my children and I were ready to play school at home. But it never really worked like that. The children were reluctant to turn from the page of sums to be finished quickly 'so I can go out and play' to work out the problem using the wooden blocks... they'd rather watch my face and guess the answer, the same way learning happens in classrooms...

Finally I gave up 'teaching' using the manipulatives, and began playing with them. We built towns, more like cities, with skyscrapers and Brio railways weaving in and out, under shopping centres, down to the harbour, where the wooden ferry moved matchbox cars to the new side of town, steadily being built ... 'we need a factory 2345 units big'... 'I need some flats, four flats, can I exchange this one thousand cube'...

Sometimes I'd hand over a number using the cards and the children would build, demonstrating some amazing skills with symmetrical design in the process. I'd always be the 'bank' of building materials, happily exchanging, using correct terminology, encouraging them to use numbers, helping them work out place value.

We'd build really tall towers, just to see how high we could get without falling over... 484 is a great height for a tower, what about 2998? 10,677?

Eventually we learned to use the cards to make up sums and then solve them using the manipulatives, but only after we'd played with the materials, after hours of role-playing games with the children's toys. After we'd taken the school out of the units, flats, longs and cubes and put the home in its place...

I don't really know what the children got out of the manipulatives... we only used them rarely, maybe four or five times a year for about three years. But we still own them. Thomas, now 13 years, has finally agreed to let them pass to another family. He's keeping the wooden 'solids' set though, and a few other unused manipulatives. There's something nostalgic about them - the smell, the way they feel, perhaps? The plastic 100 number tray and tiles we'll be keeping forever though, along with the 100 tiddly winks we used to counting - they are too useful for poker chips! .

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